RBC
A highly evolved biological oxygen-delivery system. Effective function depends on physiological temperature, pressure, regulated blood flow, membrane integrity, 2,3-DPG and other cellular cofactors.
Blood is a wider biological system.BHOC Therapeutics - Biological Hemoglobin Oxygen Carrier and Precision Oxygen Therapeutics
BHOC - Biological Hemoglobin Oxygen Carrier
One Oxygen. One Biology. One BHOC System. For Every Species. Wherever Life Is at Risk or Needs Support to Heal.
Different species. The same biological need: oxygen - and the same fundamental mechanism of oxygen delivery at the tissue level.
Different Species. One Biological Need.One Oxygen-Delivery Mechanism.
Blood is a system. Oxygen delivery is a function.
Precision Oxygen Therapeutics.
BHOC Therapeutics is advancing a new class of Biological Hemoglobin Oxygen Carriers, or BHOCs, as cell-free hemoglobin-based therapeutics engineered for precision oxygen delivery across the continuum of care.
BHOC
Cell-free oxygen carrier. No red-cell membrane or full RBC cofactor system required. Designed to support oxygen delivery beyond conventional cellular constraints.
Compatible with all blood types. For Every Species.49Blood Group Systems
400Blood Group Antigens
RBC compatibility is part of the transfusion system. BHOC is developed around a different oxygen-delivery architecture.
RBC Compatibility Across Species
Different Species. Different RBC Compatibility Systems.
Human, equine, feline and other red cells carry species-specific antigen systems and transfusion compatibility rules. They are not interchangeable. What unites life is one fundamental biological need: oxygen must reach tissues and cells.
RBC Blood-group diversity belongs to the red-cell system.
HUMAN49blood-group systems400 recognised antigens, including ABO and Rh.
HORSE7red-cell group systems>30 identified RBC factors · >400,000 possible blood-type combinations.
CAT3primary AB blood typesCompatibility remains species-specific.
VERTEBRATE LIFE70,000+described speciesDifferent antigen systems across animal life.
BHOCDesigned beyond red-cell blood-group barriers, intact-cell constraints and donor-blood system limitations.
Compatible with all blood types by design.
Built for every species.
Cell-free hemoglobin oxygen carrier. Oxygen loading and release are governed by an engineered oxygen-affinity profile and local oxygen partial-pressure gradients. The platform direction is a complementary oxygen-delivery bridge, not a replacement for blood. Administration, delivery speed and treatment volume remain species-specific and require their own evidence.
Cell-freeNo red-cell membrane or cell antigens.
Engineered oxygen affinityControlled loading and release.
Long shelf lifeDevelopment target for room-temperature handling.
Robust and portableDesigned for practical transport and handling.
Science
Oxygen delivery from lungs to mitochondria.
The clinical task does not end with oxygen entering the lungs or binding to hemoglobin. Oxygen must move through circulation and microcirculation, diffuse into tissue, reach the cell and support mitochondrial energy production.
LungsOxygen intake
HemoglobinOxygen binding
CirculationTransport
MicrocirculationDistribution
TissueDiffusion
CellOxygen utilization
MitochondriaEnergy production
Technology
Biological Hemoglobin Oxygen Carriers.
Our BHOC platform leverages the natural biology of hemoglobin in a cell-free format to enable controlled, predictable and efficient oxygen delivery where it is needed most.
Explore our technology →
Applications
Addressing critical needs across medicine.
BHOC Therapeutics studies settings where oxygen delivery may become a central clinical problem. These are fields of scientific and development interest, not approved therapeutic claims.
Emergency, Prehospital & Humanitarian
Oxygen delivery when time and logistics matter.
Acute & Severe Anemia
Capacity is critically reduced.
Surgery, PPH & Bloodless Resuscitation
Support in high-blood-loss settings.
Organ Transplantation & Sustainability Solutions
Research across organ support.
Ischemia & Cardiac Emergencies
Oxygen delivery to stressed tissue.
Sickle Cell Disease
Severe anemia and hypoxic injury context.
Veterinary Medicine
Dedicated veterinary website, species pathways and evidence navigation.
Remote & Resource-Limited Care
Oxygen therapeutics for hard-to-reach environments.
Evidence
Evidence before claims.
Scientific, clinical, veterinary, preclinical, regulatory and historical evidence remains source-linked and clearly labelled across the BHOC information ecosystem.
Human ClinicalHuman evidence stays human.
VeterinaryVeterinary and translational evidence.
PreclinicalMechanism, safety and comparative research.
RegulatoryPrimary FDA, EMA and other records.
Real-WorldContextual evidence and documentation.
PublicationsIndexed literature and source navigation.
News
New BHOC & Precision Oxygen Therapeutics preprint.
Carl W. Rausch and Archil Jaliashvili have published a new preprint defining Biological Hemoglobin Oxygen Carrier (BHOC) and refocusing the field on controlled microvascular and tissue-level oxygen delivery.
BHOC Species & Biodiversity Protection Initiative
One Oxygen. Every Species. One Living Planet.
Oxygen is life. Delivering it to tissues is the bridge that sustains life. BHOC builds on nature’s hemoglobin-based oxygen-delivery engineering, advanced by science to help protect life, preserve species and safeguard planetary biodiversity.
Nature engineered oxygen delivery. Science advances it. BHOC protects life. Protect Life. Preserve Species. Safeguard Biodiversity.
BHOC Therapeutics
Building the next chapter of oxygen-delivery science.
Connecting physiology, technology, evidence and clinical need to guide Precision Oxygen Therapeutics.